Empty Substrate Integrated Waveguide-Fed MMW Aperture-Coupled Patch Antenna for 5G Applications
Problem Description
Design Challenges
The design and implementation of the empty substrate integrated waveguide-fed MMW aperture-coupled patch antenna is very challenging mainly due to the following reasons:
- Large fractional bandwidth and gain requirements over the Ka-band (26.5 GHz to 40 GHz).
- Stable gain profile and good radiation efficiency over the Ka-band (26.5 GHz to 40 GHz).
AI-driven Design with SADEA-III
Optimization Problem
For the given empty substrate integrated waveguide-fed MMW aperture-coupled patch antenna structure, the specifications (for the longitudinal configuration) set as the optimization goals are as follows:
- Maximize the bandwidth for a maximum return loss of -10 dB and a minimum realized gain of 5.5 dBi in the Ka-band (i.e., 26.5 GHz to 40 GHz)
- subject to:
- Maximum reflection coefficient (S11) < -10 dB (27.5 GHz to 28.5 GHz)
- Minimum realized gain (G) > 6 dBi (27.5 GHz to 28.5 GHz)
Layout of the Empty Substrate Integrated Waveguide-fed MMW Aperture-Coupled Patch Antenna
Ranges of the Design Variables for the Design Exploration
Synthesis and Measurement Results
The design obtained by the SADEA-III is verified through a physical implementation.



For this case:
- The synthesized antenna by the latest SADEA-III obtains the following results in 1 week.
- Longitudinal Configuration
- Maximum reflection coefficient (S11) = -10.0 dB (27.4 GHz to 34.5 GHz)
- Minimum realized gain (G) = 5.6 dBi (27.3 GHz to 34.5 GHz)
- Longitudinal Configuration
- The measurement results are in reasonable agreement with the simulation results.